Venus  
Venus in true color. The surface is obscured by a thick blanket of clouds.
Designations
Pronunciation i/ˈvnəs/
Adjective Venusian or (rarely) Cytherean, Venerean
Orbital characteristics
Epoch J2000
Aphelion
  • 108,942,109 km
  • 0.728 231 28 AU
Perihelion
  • 107,476,259 km
  • 0.718 432 70 AU
Semi-major axis
  • 108,208,930 km
  • 0.723 332 AU
Eccentricity 0.006 8
Orbital period
  • 224.700 69 day
  • 0.615 197 0 yr
  • 1.92 Venus solar day
Synodic period 583.92 days
Average orbital speed 35.02 km/s
Mean anomaly 50.44675°
Inclination
  • 3.394 71° to Ecliptic
  • 3.86° to Sun’s equator
  • 2.19° to Invariable plane
Longitude of ascending node 76.670 69°
Argument of perihelion 54.852 29°
Satellites None
Physical characteristics
Mean radius
  • 6,051.8 ± 1.0 km
  • 0.949 9 Earths
Flattening 0
Surface area
  • 4.60×108 km2
  • 0.902 Earths
Volume
  • 9.38×1011 km3
  • 0.866 Earths
Mass
  • 4.868 5×1024 kg
  • 0.815 Earths
Mean density 5.204 g/cm3
Equatorial surface gravity
  • 8.87 m/s2
  • 0.904 g
Escape velocity 10.46 km/s
Sidereal rotation
period
−243.018 5 day
Equatorial rotation velocity 6.52 km/h (1.81 m/s)
Axial tilt 177.3°
North pole right ascension
  • 18 h 11 min 2 s
  • 272.76°
North pole declination 67.16°
Albedo
  • 0.67 (geometric)
  • 0.90 (Bond)
Surface temp.
   Kelvin
   Celsius
min mean max
735 K
460 °C
Apparent magnitude
  • brightest −4.9 (crescent)
  • −3.8 (full)
Angular diameter 9.7"–66.0"
Atmosphere
Surface pressure 93 bar (9.3 MPa)
Composition
  • ~96.5% carbon dioxide
  • ~3.5% nitrogen
  • 0.015% sulfur dioxide
  • 0.007% argon
  • 0.002% water vapor
  • 0.001 7% carbon monoxide
  • 0.001 2% helium
  • 0.000 7% neon
  • trace carbonyl sulfide
  • trace hydrogen chloride
  • trace hydrogen fluoride

Get more info about Venus in Wikipedia

This article uses material from the Wikipedia article
Venus, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0